LIVABLE CITIES?

Urban Struggles for Livelihood and Sustainability

edited by

Peter Evans

University of California, Berkeley

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1	Looking for Agents of Urban Livability in a Globalized Political Economy Peter Evans, Sociology, UC Berkeley	38pp. 12,000 words	Page 1
2	Social Capital and Livable Communities: Urban Poverty and the Environment in Seoul and Bangkok Michael Douglass, Urban & Regional Planning, University of Hawaii Orathai Ard-Am, Inst. of Population and Social Research, Mahidol University Ik Ki Kim, Sociology, Dongguk University	41pp. 12,000 words	39
3	Collective Action Toward a Sustainable City: Citizens’ Movements and Environmental Politics in Taipei Hsin-Huang Michael Hsiao, Institute of Sociology, Academia Sinica Hwa-Jen Liu, Sociology, UC Berkeley	35pp. 10,000 words	80
4	Community-Driven Regulation: Towards an Improved Model of Environmental Regulation in Vietnam Dara O’Rourke, Urban Studies and Planning, MIT	45pp. 13,000 words	115
5	Social and Spatial Inequalities in Hungarian Environmental Politics: A Historical Perspective Zsuzsanna Gille, Sociology, the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign	34pp. 12,000 words	160
6	“Water, Water, Everywhere, Nor Any Drop to Drink”: Land Use and Water Policy in São Paulo, Brazil Margaret Keck, Political Science, Johns Hopkins University	41pp. 12,000 words	194
7	Sustainability, Livelihood and Community Mobilization in the Ajusco “Ecological Reserve” Keith Pezzoli, Urban Studies and Planning, UC San Diego	34pp. 11,000 words	235
8	Ecologies of Local Political Actors and Trajectories of Livability: Lessons from Cities Confronting Development and Political Transition Peter Evans, Sociology, UC Berkeley	33pp. 10,000 words	269
	Bibliography		303

TOTAL TEXT          =          approx. 300 pp.  (92,000  words)

About the Authors:

The authors whose work is collected in this volume are as diverse as their papers.  They not only bring together a range of area expertise that spans Asia, Latin America and Europe but also represent a diversity of disciplinary perspectives including Political Science, Sociology, Environmental Studies and Planning. 

Orathai Ard-am is Professor in the Institute of Population and Social Research at Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.  She is now working as Research Fellow at Research Center on Development And International Relations, Department of Development and Planning, Aalborg University, Denmark and is writing a Ph.D Dissertation on “Democracy, Civil Society and Socio-economic Development in Thailand.”  Her publications include “The Province of Nan: On Its Path Towards Civil Society in Thailand” (1998), “Strengths and Weaknesses of Donwan Sub-district in Upgrading to the Community of Good Governance” (1999), “AIDS Care Volunteer Network Building” (1997), and “What factors are important to make strong community: Experiences and lesson learned from Nan and Mahasarakam” (1999).

Michael Douglass is a Professor in the Department of Urban and Regional Planning at the University of Hawaii.  A specialist in planning in Asia, his current research includes globalization and urbanization on the Pacific Rim; urban poverty and the environment; foreign workers in Japan; rural‑urban linkages in national development; and managing mega‑urban regions in Pacific Asia.  He has been a Shorenstein Distinguished Lecturer, Institute for International Studies, Stanford University; Perloff Chair in Urban Planning at UCLA; Visiting Fellow at the University of Hong Kong; Senior Research Fellow, Program on Environment East‑West Center; and Visiting Scholar in the Faculty of Economics at Tokyo University.  His most recent books are Cities for Citizens: Planning and the Rise of Civil Society in a Global Age. (London: John Wiley 1998) (co-edited with John Friedmann) and Culture and the City in East Asia. (Oxford University Press 1997) (co‑edited with Won Bae Kim )

Peter Evans is Chancellor’s Professor of Sociology at the University of California Berkeley.  He is also Director of Working Group on Social Capital and Economic Development of the  "Project on Social Capital and Public Affairs," a project of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, which has provided support for this volume.  His recent books include Embedded Autonomy: States and Industrial Transformation.  (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1995) and an edited collection entitled State‑Society Synergy: Government and Social Capital in Development (Berkeley, CA: University of California, International and Area Studies, 1997).   He is currently working on environmental politics in the metropolitan region of Curitiba, Brazil, which is known as Brazil’s “ecological capital.”

Zsuzsa Gille was a participant in the peace and environmental movements in Hungary during the 1980's. She has recently completed her dissertation on the history of the concept of waste in Hungary under state socialism and postsocialism at the University of California, Santa Cruz.  Presently she is an assistant professor in the Sociology Department of the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign.  Her main interests are environmental sociology, state socialism and postsocialism, economic sociology, and the sociology of knowledge.  Her publications include “Conceptions of Waste and the Production of Wastelands: Hungary since 1948.” in Environmental Issues and World-System Analysis edited by Walter Goldfrank, David Goodman and Andrew Szasz, Greenwood Press (1999)  and “Two Pairs of Women's Boots for a Hectare of Land: Nature and the Construction of the Environmental Problem in State Socialism” in Capitalism, Nature, Socialism (1997).

Hsin-Huang Michael Hsiao is researcher at the Institute of Sociology, Academia Sinica in Taipei, Taiwan.  Hsin-Huang Michael Hsiao is one of Taiwan’s leading sociologists and has written widely during the 1980's on the transformation of Taiwanese social structure, particularly the position of the middle classes.  During the course of the last decade, his work has focused on environmental protest movements and urban development.

Margaret Keck is Professor of Political Science at the Johns Hopkins University.  Her most recent book, Activists Beyond Borders: Advocacy Networks in International Politics (Cornell University Press, 1998) (with Kathryn Sikkink), looks at the interaction of local and transnational environmental politics.  Her many years of research on Brazilian politics is reflected in The Worker’s Party and Democratization in Brazil (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1992).  She is currently working on a book on environmental politics in Brazil, tentatively titled Politicizing the Environment: Activist Networks in Brazil, from which her chapter in this volume is drawn.

Ik Ki Kim is Professor of Sociology at the Dongguk University Seoul, Korea.  His recent publications include “Environmental management of the urban poor: A case study of

Wolkoksa-dong, Seoul, Korea.” in International Journal of Urban Sciences, “The effects of population growth on environment and sustainable development in Korea” (1995), and “The environmental problems in urban communities and the protection of the environment in Korea” in Korean Journal of Population and Development.

Hwa-Jen Liu is a Ph.D. student of Sociology at the University of California, Berkeley. She coauthored and published several pieces on Taiwan’s anti-pollution protests, environmental violence, and urban development in Asia’s Environmental Movements, edited by Yok-Shiu F. Lee and Alvin Y. So, M.E.Sharpe (1999), and Chinese Sociology and Anthropology (1997).  Her past work includes projects on Sustainable Taiwan 2011 and Social Ecology of Environmental NGO, the Resolution of Pollution Disputes and Local Politics, and she is now writing a working paper on the environmental radicalism among Taiwanese peasants and fishermen during the repressive 1970s.

Dara O'Rourke is currently an Assistant Professor in the Department of Urban Studies and Planning at MIT. O'Rourke's research analyzes the environmental and social impacts of industrial development, with a particular focus on incentives and barriers to pollution prevention.  He has conducted research in Vietnam, Thailand, and the US, and has worked as a consultant to the United Nations Environment Programme, the United Nations Industrial Development Organization, the World Bank, and the US Environmental Protection Agency.  His work has been published in The Ecologist, the International Journal of Environment and Pollution, Asian Survey, the Boston Review, the Berkeley Planning Journal, Vietnam's Socio-Economic Development, the Multinational Monitor, Z Magazine, Utne Reader, and the Boston Book Review. O'Rourke completed his Ph.D. in the Energy and Resources Group at the University of California, Berkeley.

Keith Pezzoli field research on urban communities and environmental issues in Mexico City spans a period of almost 15 years.  His recent book, Human Settlements and Planning for Ecological Sustainability: The Case of Mexico City (MIT Press, 1998) chronicles the results of this research. He received his Ph.D. in planning from UCLA.  Since then, he has been the Director of Field Research and a Lecturer in the Urban Studies and Planning (USP) Program at UCSD where he teaches courses on research methods, sustainable development, the urban world system, and planning theory.   Currently, Pezzoli is a visiting research fellow at the Center for U.S.-Mexican Studies where he is drafting a book about environmental management systems and the greening of industry in the U.S.-Mexico border region.