EDUCATION:
Stanford University - Ph.D. -- 1968, Sociology
Queens College, C.U.N.Y. - M.A. -- 1964, Sociology
Queens College, C.U.N.Y. - B.A. -- 1963, Psychology
Doctoral Dissertation. "A Theory of Behavior Under Conditions
of Reference Conflict." Stanford University, 1968.
M.A. Thesis. "Effects of Interaction in Interpersonal Communication."
Queens College, C.U.N.Y., 1964.
POSITIONS:
Current:
Professor Emeritus (recalled to service), Department of Sociology,
University of California, Berkeley, California, 2003 - present.
Fellow, Center On Wrongful Convictions, Northwestern University School
of Law, Chicago, Illinois, 2002 - present.
Former:
Professor, Department of Sociology, University of California, Berkeley,
1981-2002.
Associate Professor, Department of Sociology, University of California.
Berkeley, California, 1971-82.
Assistant Professor, Department of Sociology, University California.
Berkeley, California, 1967-71.
Visiting Associate Professor, Department of Sociology, Stanford University.
Stanford, California, Summer 1971.
HONORS:
John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation Fellow, 1973-74.
Pulitzer Prize -- For Public Service, 1979.
Member of the three-person reporting and research group whose work
won the award in the name of the Point Reyes Light newspaper.
California Newspaper Association Awards, 1980. Awarded to the Point
Reyes Light based in part on my work.
Community Service Award -- for editorials and news stories about
state government's failure to regulate Synanon.
Best Editorial Series -- for editorials about state government's
failure to regulate Synanon.
Best News Series -- for news coverage of Synanon and state government.
Visiting Scholar. University Center of Georgia, Atlanta, 1982.
Recipient of Roy Dorcus Award for the Best Paper on Clinical Hypnosis
of 1994. Awarded by the Society for Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis
for "Recovered Memory Therapy and Robust Repression: Influence
and Pseudomemories."
PROFESSIONAL MEMBERSHIPS:
American Sociological Association
American Psychological Association
American Psychological Society
Sociological Practice Association
Pacific Sociological Association
PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES:
Editorial Board of Administrative Science Quarterly, 1970-71.
Editorial Board of Sociometry, 1970-73.
Editorial Board of The American Journal of Sociology, 1972-74.
Committee on the Certification of Social Psychologists of the American
Sociological Association, 1968-72.
Chairman, Publications Committee, Social Psychology Section, American
Sociological Association, 1975-76.
Faculty Council of the Center for Research in Management Science,
University of California, Berkeley, 1975-83.
Chairman, Cooley-Mead Award Selection Committee, American Sociological
Association, 1984-85
Member, Editorial Board of Journal of Cultic Studies, 1984-1993.
Director, American Family Foundation, 1989-1993.
Executive Board of the California Chapter of the Sociological Practice
Association, 1991-93.
Advisory Board, False Memory Syndrome Foundation, 1992-
CONSULTANT TO:
Marin County Sheriff's Department, 1979-80.
Office of Attorney General, State of California, 1980-81.
U.S. Attorney's Office, Los Angeles, 1982.
U.S. Attorney's Office, Los Angeles, 1982 (re:DeLorean)
Office of Attorney General, State of Arizona, 1982-84.
U.S. Department of Justice:
Tax Division, 1982-84.
Criminal Division, 1984-90.
Prosecuting Attorney, Jefferson County, West Virginia, 1984.
Los Angeles District Attorney's Office, 1984-85.
Commissioner's Office of the Department of Social and Rehabilitation
Services, State of Vermont, 1984.
Internal Revenue Service, 1986-88.
U.S. Attorney's Office, West Virginia, 1987-91.
Thurston County Prosecutor's Office, Washington, 1990.
State's Attorney's Office, Fort Lauderdale, Florida 1992-94.
Office of the Governor of Missouri, 1995 (re: the pardon of Johnny
Wilson)
Office of the District Attorney, Los Angeles, 1995 (Menendez)
Illinois State Legislature - task force on recording of interrogations,
2000
Prosecuting Attorney’s Office - Franklin County, Indiana, 2002
Office of the Attorney General, State of California, San Diego, 2003-04
PUBLICATIONS:
Books and Monographs:
Ofshe, Richard, with Lynne Ofshe. 1970. Utility and Choice in Social
Interaction. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. Reprinted
by Irvington Publishers, New York.
____, (ed.). 1970. The Sociology of the Possible.
Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.
____, (ed.). 1977. The Sociology of the Possible, 2nd
Edition. Englewood Cliffs New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.
____, (ed.). 1973. Interpersonal Behavior in Small Groups. Englewood
Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.
____, with David Mitchell and Cathy Mitchell. 1980. The
Light on Synanon. New York: Seaview Press.
____, with Ethan Watters. 1994. Making Monsters: False
Memories, Psychotherapy and Sexual Hysteria, New York: Charles Scribner's.
________. 1995. Making Monsters: False Memories, Psychotherapy and
Sexual Hysteria, London: Andre Deutsch (with a new introduction to
the British Edition)
________. 1996. Making Monsters: False Memories, Psychotherapy and
Sexual Hysteria, Munich: DTV (German language translation)
________. 1996. Making Monsters: False Memories, Psychotherapy and
Sexual Hysteria, Berkeley, University of California Press.
_____, with Ethan Watters. 1999. Therapy's Delusions, New York: Charles
Scribner's.
Articles:
Ofshe, Richard, with Ronald Anderson. 1968. “Testing a Measurement
Model.” Chapter 9 in Sociological Methodology: 1969, E. Borgatta (ed.),
San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
____, with Norman Goodman. 1968. “Empathy, Communication Efficiency,
and Marital Status.” Journal of Marriage and Family, Vol. 30, No.
4, November.
Reprinted in Social Psychology and Everyday Life. B. Franklin and
F. Kohout (eds.), New York: David McKay, 1973.
____, with Arthur Stinchcombe. 1969. “On Journal Editing as a Probabilistic
Process.” American Sociologist, Vol. 4, No. 2, May.
____, with Lynne Ofshe. 1969. “Social Choice and Utility in Coalition
Formation.” Sociometry, Vol. 32, No. 3, September.
____. 1970. “Cognitive Consistency and Language Behavior.” Human
Relations, Vol. 23, No. 2, April.
Reprinted in Interpersonal Behavior in Small Groups, R. Ofshe (ed.),
Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1973.
____, with Lynne Ofshe. 1970. “Choice Behavior in Coalition Games.”
Behavioral Science, Vol. 15, No. 4, July, 1970. Reprinted in Bobbs-Merrill
Reprint Series in Sociology, Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1973.
Reprinted in Interpersonal Behavior in Small Groups, R. Ofshe (ed.),
Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1973.
____, with Hamit Fisek. 1970. “The Process of Status Evolution,”
Sociometry, Vol. 33, No. 3, September.
Reprinted in Interpersonal Behavior in Small Groups, R. Ofshe (ed.),
Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1973.
____, with Lynne Ofshe. 1970. “A Comparative Study of Two Scaling
Models: Paired Comparisons and Scalogram Analysis.” Sociometry, Vol.
33, No. 4, December.
____. 1971. “The Effectiveness of Pacifist Strategies: A Theoretical
Approach.” Journal of Conflict Resolution, Vol. 15, No. 2, June. Reprinted
in Interpersonal Behavior in Small Groups, R. Ofshe (ed.), Englewood
Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1973.
____, with Lynne Ofshe. 1971. “A Utility Theory for the Behavior
of Three Person Interaction Systems.” in Social Choice, B. Lieberman
(ed.), New York: Gordon and Breach.
____, 1972. “Reference and Conflict and Behavior,” Sociological Theories
in Progress, Vol. II, J. Berger, M. Zelditch and B. Anderson (eds.),
Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
____, with Lynne Roberts. 1972. “A Utility Based Theory of Decision
Making.” Contributions to Experimental Economics, Vol. III, H. Sauermann
(ed.), Tubingen, West Germany: J.C.B. Mohr.
____, et al. 1974. “Social Structure and Social Control in Synanon.”
Journal of Voluntary Action Research. Vol. 3, No. 3.
____, with Claude Fischer and Mark Baldassare. 1975. “Crowding Studies
and Urban Life: A Critical Review.” Journal of the American Institute
of Planners, Vol. 41, No. 6, November.
____. “Synanon: The People Business.” C. Glock and R. Bellah (eds.),
The New Religious Consciousness, University of California Press.
____, with David V. and Cathy Mitchell. 1978/1979. As Editorial Consultant
and Researcher with the Point Reyes Light newspaper, I contributed
to the production of over 120 stories and editorials on the Synanon
Foundation, Inc.
____. 1980. “The Social Development of the Synanon Cult: The Managerial
Strategy of Organizational Transformation.” Sociological Analysis,
Vol. 41, 2.
____, with Margaret Lee. 1981. “The Impact of Behavioral Style and
Status Characteristics on Influence: A Test of Two Competing Models.”
Social Psychology Quarterly, Vol. 44, No. 2, June.
____, with Margaret Lee. 1981. “Reply to Greenstein.” Social Psychology
Quarterly, Vol. 44, No. 4, December.
Ofshe, Richard, with Margaret Lee. 1983. “What Are We to Make of
All This?” Social Psychology Quarterly, Vol. 46, No. l, March.
____, with Kenneth Christman. 1986. “A Two-Process Theory of Social
Behavior.” Rationality and Collective Belief,
A. Harris (ed.), New York: Ablex.
____, with Margaret Singer. 1986. “Attacks on Peripheral versus Central
Elements of Self and the Impact of Thought Reforming Techniques:
Review and Theoretical Analysis.” Cultic Studies Journal, Vol. 3,
No. 1. Reprinted in Tort and Religion, Chicago: American Bar Association,
1989.
____. 1989. “The Rabbi and the Sex Cult.” Cultic Studies Journal,
Vol. 3, No. 2.
____. 1989. “Coerced Confessions: The Logic of Seemingly Irrational
Action.” Cultic Studies Journal, Vol. 6, No. 1.
____, with Margaret Singer. 1990. “Thought Reform Programs and the
Production of Psychiatric Casualties.” Psychiatric Annals, Vol. 20,
No. 4, April.
____. 1992. “Coercive Persuasion and Attitude Change.” The Encyclopedia
of Sociology, edited by E. Borgatta and M. Borgatta. New York: Macmillan.
____. 1992. “Inadvertent Hypnosis During Interrogation: False Confession
Due to Dissociative State; Mis-Identified Multiple Personality and
the Satanic Cult Hypothesis.” International Journal of Clinical and
Experimental Hypnosis, Vol. 40, No. 3, July.
____, with Ethan Watters. 1993. “Making Monsters.” Society, Vol.
30, 3, March/April.
____, with Ethan Watters. 1993. “More on Making Monsters, Authors
Reply.” Society, Vol. 31, No. 1, November/December.
____, with Suzanne Johnson. 1994. “Religious Cults.” Academic American
Encyclopedia, Danbury, Connecticut: Grollier.
____. 1994. “Making Grossly Damaging but Avoidable Errors: The Pitfalls
of the Olio/Cornell Thesis.” Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 3, 3.
____, with Margaret Singer. 1994. “Recovered Memory Therapy and Robust
Repression: Influence and Pseudomemories.” International Journal of
Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis, 62, 4, October.
____, 1995. “Ian Hacking's Leaning Tower: Foundations for the Architecture
of Analysis,” Metascience, June.
____, with Ethan Watters. 1995. “Beware Americans Bearing Gifts:
Introduction to the British Edition of Making Monsters.” In Richard
Ofshe and Ethan Watters, Making Monsters, False Memories, Psychotherapy
and Sexual Hysteria, London: Andre Deutsch, October.
____, 1995. “I'm Guilty If You Say So,” in Donald Connery (ed.) Convicting
the Innocent, Cambridge, Brookline Press.
____, with Richard Leo. 1997. “The Social Psychology of Police Interrogation:
The Theory and Classification of True and False Confessions.” Studies
in Law, Politics and Society, 16, pp. 189-251.
____, with Richard Leo. 1997. “The Decision to Confess Falsely: Rational
Choice and Irrational Action.” Denver University Law Review. "Symposium:
An Interdisciplinary Examination of Coercion, Exploitation and the
Law. 74, 4, pp. 979-1122.
____, with Richard Leo. 1997. “Missing the Forest for the Trees:
A Response to Paul Cassell's `Balanced Approach' to the False Confession
Problem." University of Denver Law Review." Symposium: An
Interdisciplinary Examination of Coercion, Exploitation and the Law.
74, 4, pp. 1135-1144.
____, with Richard Leo. 1998. “The Consequences of False Confessions:
Deprivations of Liberty and Miscarriages of Justice in the Age of
Psychological Interrogation." Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology,
Northwestern University, School of Law. 88, 2, pp. 429-496.
____, with Richard Leo. 1998. “Using the Innocent to Scapegoat Miranda:
Another Reply to Paul Cassell." Journal of Criminology and Criminal
Law. Northwestern University, School of Law. 88, 2, pp. 557-578.
____. 2000. "Extreme Influence -- Thought Reform, High Control
Groups, Interrogation and Recovered Memory Therapy." The Encyclopedia
of Sociology 2nd Edition, edited by E. Borgatta and M. Borgatta. New
York: Macmillan.
____ with Richard Leo. 2001. “The Truth About False Confessions.”
Criminal Law Bulletin. 37,4, pp.291-370.
Presented at Meetings of Scientific Associations:
Ofshe, Richard. 1964. "Effect of Interaction in Interpersonal
Communication." American Sociological Association, Montreal,
Canada, September.
____, with Norman Goodman. 1965. "Cognitive Consistency and
the A-B-X Model." Pacific Sociological Association, Salt lake
City, April.
____. 1965. "On the Strategy of Laboratory Simulation."
The West Coast Small Groups Conference, Salt lake City, April.
____. 1968. “A Laboratory Method for the Measurement of Identification."
American Sociological Association, Boston, September.
____, with Lynne Ofshe. 1969. “A Utility Based Theory of Decision
Making." American Sociological Association, Chicago, September.
____, with Lynne Ofshe, 1970. “A Comparative Study of Two Scaling
Models: Paired Comparisons and Scalogram Analysis." American
Sociological Association, San Francisco, September.
____, with M. Hamit Fisek. 1970. “The Process of Status Evolution."
American Sociological Association, San Francisco, September.
____, with Lynne Roberts. 1971. “A Utility Based Theory of Decision
Making." Schonberg International Conference on Experimental Economics,
Frankfort, West Germany, September.
____. 1971. “The Effectiveness of Pacifist Strategies: A Theoretical
Approach." American Sociological Association, New York, September.
____, et al. 1972. “A Model for the Structure of Cognitions of Racial
Differences and Evaluations to Planned Social Change.” Russell Sage
Foundation Conference on Social Indicator Models, New York, July.
____, et al. 1974 “Social Indicators of Racial Perspectives.” American
Sociological Association, Chicago, September.
____. 1979. “The Evolution of the Synanon Cult.” Religion and Political
Movements section of the Association for the Study of Religion meetings,
Washington, August.
____. 1979. “Some Problems of Doing Controversial Research.” American
Sociological Association, Washington, D.C., August.
____. 1980. “Shifts in Opportunities and Accountability and the Regulation
of Religious Organizations.” Association for the Study of Religion,
New York, August.
____. 1980. “Status Characteristics and Expectation States - A Critical
Review.” Thematic Session on Expectation States Research, American
Sociological Association, New York, September.
____. 1981. “Theories of Coercive Social Control.” Conference on
Conversion, Coercion and Commitment in New Religious Movements, Center
for the Study of New Religions, Berkeley, June.
____, with Kenneth Christman and Robert Saltz. 1981. “Obedience to
Authority: Re-analysis and Explanation.” American Sociological Association
meetings, Toronto, Canada, August.
____. 1981. “The Construction of Behavior Through Out-of-Awareness
Influence: An Alternative to Brainwashing Theories.” American Psychological
Association, Los Angeles, August.
____. 1981. “Thought Reform and the Appearance of Mental Illness.”
American Psychological Association, Los Angeles, September.
____. 1982. “Group Pressure Tactics in Conversion to Terrorism,”
American Psychiatric Association, Toronto, Canada, May.
____. 1984. “Problems of Doing Research on Controversial Subjects,”
American Sociological Association, San Antonio, August.
____. 1985. “The Rabbi and The Sex Cult,” American Sociological Association,
Washington, D.C., August.
____. 1987. “Regulation of Cult Organizations and Prosecution of
Cult-generated Crimes,” presented at the First International Congress
on Sects and Society, Barcelona, Spain, November.
____. 1988. “Coerced Confessions: Case Studies in The Tactics of
Persuasion.” American Sociological Association, Atlanta, August.
____. 1988. “Thought Reforming Interrogations in America,” The Society
for the Study of Social Influence, Los Angeles, November.
____. 1989. “Police Brainwashing in America,” Pacific Sociological
Association, Las Vegas, April.
Presented at Meetings of Scientific Associations: (continued)
____, 1991. “The Dynamics of Violence Generating Cults,” The Society
for Cross Cultural Research, San Juan, Puerto Rico, February.
____, 1991. “Thought Reform - Lurid Fantasy versus Interesting Reality,”
Western Psychological Association, San Francisco, April.
____, with Richard Leo. 1991. “The Social Psychology of Coerced Internalized
False Confessions,” American Sociological Association, Cincinnati,
August.
____. 1993. “Making Monsters - Recovered Memories: Who is Victimizing
Who,” STAR, San Juan, Puerto Rico, March.
____. 1993. “Making Monsters: The New Dr. Frankenstein,” TREAT IV
Conference, Santa Fe, April.
____. 1993. “Making Monsters: An American Tragedy.” Conference on
Memory and Reality: An Emerging Crisis, False Memory Syndrome Foundation,
Philadelphia, April.
____. 1993. “Analyzing The Social Structure of Cults and Crisis Decision
Making.” American Psychiatric Association, San Francisco, May.
____. 1993. “Making Monsters: The Coming Crisis in Psychiatry.” American
Psychiatric Association, San Francisco, May.
____. 1993. “Making Monsters: The Recovered Memory Therapy Crisis,”
International Academy of Sex Research, Pacific Grove, California,
June.
____. 1994. “The Creation of Illusory Belief,” Claremont Conference
on Applied Cognitive Psychology: Suggestibility and the Veracity of
Memory, Claremont, March.
____. 1994. “Psychology's Phlogiston -- Robust Repression and Misused
Influence: The Recovered Memory Crisis.” Invited keynote address,
Wisconsin State Psychological Association, Milwaukee, April.
____. 1994. “The Social Psychology of the Substitution of Belief
for Memory, 1994 CSICOP Conference, The Psychology of Belief, Seattle,
June.
____. 1994. “The Social Psychology of the Creation of Pseudomemories.”
Conference on “Psychological Issues in Child Sexual Abuse Investigations,”
Tromso University, Tromso, Norway, August.
____. 1994. “Influence in Psychotherapy: The Big Picture.” Johns
Hopkins Medical Institution conference on Memory and Reality: Reconciliation.
Scientific and Legal Issues of False Memory Syndrome. Baltimore, Maryland.
December.
____. 1997. “Investigating and Analyzing Cult Cases,” presentation
to the Third Annual National Legal Seminar on Cult Litigation, Pittsburgh,
September.
____. 1997. “The Consequences of False Confessions: Deprivations
of Liberty and Miscarriages of Justice in the Age of Psychological
Interrogation,” Law and Society Association, St. Louis, Missouri,
May.
____. 1999. “Mental Illness, Interrogation and False Confession,”
American Academy of Forensic Sciences, Orlando, Florida, February.
____. 2000. “The Decision to Confess Falsely: Measuring Coercive
Threats in Interrogation.” American Psychological Association, Division
41, Law and Human Behavior Conference, New Orleans, March.
____ with Richard Leo. 2004 “Psychological Coercion and Unreliable
Confessions.” American Society of Criminology, Nashville, Tenn. November.
Presented at Judicial Conferences
____. 1994. “Valid Memories or Pseudomemories.” Florida State Supreme
Court, Judicial Conference, mini-course for trial and appellate judges,
Tampa, Florida, May.
____. 1994. “False Confessions.” Florida State Supreme Court, Judicial
Conference, mini-course for trial and appellate judges, Tampa, Florida,
May.
____. 1999. “The Interrogation of Juveniles and False
Confessions.” National Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges
--Centennial of the Juvenile Court, Northwestern University School
of Law,Chicago, July.
____. 2000. “The Interrogation of Juveniles Using Modern Methods
of Psychological Interrogation.” Conference on Juvenile Justice at
Northwestern University School of Law, Chicago, March.
____, 2003. “The Psychology of Police Interrogation and False Confession.”
Frailties in the Criminal Justice Process: The Judges Role,” National
Judicial Institute of Canada, Banff, Alberta, Canada, December.
____, 2004. “Interrogation and Coerced and False Confession.” Annual
General Meting of the Ontario Court of Justice, Ottawa, Canada, May
____, 2004. “Interrogation and Confession – True and False,” Science
for Judges, A Program for Federal Judges at Brooklyn Law School, New
York, November
Presented at Meetings of Other Associations and Organizations:
____. 1987. “Cultic Organizations: An Overview,” First International
Congress on Sects and Society, Barcelona, Spain, November.
____. 1988. “Synanon: An Example of America's Struggle to Control
Cult Violence,” keynote address, Cult Awareness Network Annual Conference,
Portland, September.
____. 1988. “Cults, Psychics and Other Psychological Nominators,”
California Trial Lawyers Association, Los Angeles, November.
____. 1989. “Tort Liability for Brainwashing - a Debate,” American
Bar Association, National Institute - Tort and Religion, San Francisco,
May.
____. 1989. “Beyond Civil Liberties: The Real Issues,” Interfaith
Coalition of Concern about Cults, New York, May.
____. 1991. “Coercive Persuasion of the Mind in Police Obtained Confessions,”
Second Annual Conference - Criminal Defense Litigation Along the Rim
and the River. Public Defender's Office, Coconino County, Flagstaff,
June.
____. 1991. “Professional Workshop. Sociologists as Expert Witnesses.”
American Sociological Association, Cincinnati, August.
____. 1991. “The Use of Psychological, Social and Medical Evidence
in Clarifying Cult Issues in Court.” Grand Rounds, Walnut Creek Hospital,
Walnut Creek, November.
____. 1993. “Pseudomemories and Real Malpractice.” Association for
Behavioral and Cognitive Therapy. San Francisco, September.
____. 1993. “Recovered Memories -- Issues in Criminal and Civil Litigation.”
State Judicial Conference. Breckenridge, Colorado, September.
____. 1993. “Coerced False Confessions: The Social Psychology of
Extreme Influence.” Alameda County Criminal Defense Bar, Oakland,
October.
____. 1993. “Police Interrogation and the Coercion of False Confessions.”
Criminal Defense Seminar, St. Petersburg, Florida, October.
____. 1993. “Memories are Made of This.” Conference on Human Memory
and Sex Abuse Cases: The Misuse and Abuse of Science. Criminal Lawyers
Association, Toronto, Canada, November.
____. 1993. “Influence and the Creation of Believed False Memories.”
San Francisco Academy of Hypnosis, San Francisco, December.
____. 1994. “Coerced False Confessions.” Advanced Criminal Law Seminars,
Aspen, Colorado, January.
____. 1994. “False Memories and True Malpractice.” Grand Rounds,
Walnut Creek Hospital, Walnut Creek, March.
____. 1994. Town Meeting on “False Memory or Recovered Memory.” At
the San Francisco Press sponsored by Media Alliance, March.
____. 1994. “Police Interrogation and False Confession.” Death Penalty
Resource Center National Training Conference, Charleston, South Carolina,
June.
____. 1994. “The Social Psychology of False Confession.” Alaska Academy
of Trial Lawyers, Anchorage, Alaska, September.
____. 1994. “The Psychology of Interrogation: Unearthing False Confessions.”
The North Carolina Academy of Trial Lawyers. Greensboro, North Carolina,
September.
____. 1994. “Beware American's Bearing Gifts: The Spreading Satanic
Cult Hysteria.” First Annual Fair Lecture, Fair, London England, October.
____. 1994. “The American Origins of the Recovered Memory Quackery.”
Public Lecture for the British False Memory Syndrome Foundation, London,
England, October.
____. 1994. “The Recovered Memory Epidemic: Needless Mal-Practice.”
1994 Western Regional Symposium on Child Abuse and Sexual Assault.
Eugene, Oregon, November.
____. 1994. “Recovered Memories: Monstrous Misuse of Influence.”
Grand Rounds, Alta Bates Hospital, Berkeley, California, October.
____. 1994. “Influence and Creation of Pseudomemories.” Current Topics
in the law and Mental Health. Seattle, Washington, November.
____. 1994. “Making Monsters: Dangerous Influences on Psychotherapy.”
Continuing Medical Education Conference on Recovered Memories, Trauma
and Clinician's Liability: The Impact on Psychotherapy.” San Diego,
California. December.
____. 1995. “The Recovered Memory Error: Social Worker Mal-
Practice.” National Association of Social Workers - Northern California
Division, Oakland, California, January.
____. 1995. “Recovered Memories: The Coming Mal-Practice Crisis for
Psychiatrists and Psychotherapists.” Grand Rounds, California Pacific
Medical Center, San Francisco, California. February.
____. 1995. “Police Interrogation and Confession.” Capital Case Defense
Seminar, California Attorneys for Criminal Justice and California
Public Defenders Association, Monterey, California, February.
____. 1995. “False Confession: Decision and Analysis.” Florida Association
of Criminal Defense Lawyers, 8th Annual Meeting. St. Petersberg, Florida,
June.
____. 1995. “Abdication of Professional Responsibility and Sexual
Abuse Hysteria.” Child Protectors and Clients: First International
Forum, The Netherlands, June.
____. 1995. “Analysis of Coerced and False Confessions,” National
Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, Annual Meeting, Snowmass,
Colorado, August.
_____. 1995. “The Case for Recordation of Interrogation.” Principal
speaker at a day-long Forum on Convicting the Innocent, Hartford,
Connecticut, September.
_____. 1995. “Police Interrogation and False Confession.” International
Conference on Allegations of Child Abuse: The Law, The Science, The
Myths, The Reality, Chicago, October.
_____. 1996. “False Confessions by Criminal Suspects.” Seattle Forensic
Institute of Washington. February.
____. 1996. “Analyzing Coerced Statements and False Confessions.”
Capital Case Defense Seminar, California Attorneys for Criminal Justice
and California Public Defenders Association, Monterey, California,
February.
____. 1996. “Coerced Confessions.” 15th Annual Juvenile Delinquency
Training Seminar, The Los Angeles County Public Defender's Office,
Los Angeles, California, April.
____. 1996. “Analyzing Coerced Confessions and Witness Statements.”
Oregon Criminal Defense Lawyers Association, Sun River, Oregon, May.
____. 1996. “Recording Interrogations and Miscarriages of Justice.”
American Bar Association, Presidential Special Session -- “Miranda
at 30: Still Good After All These Years?” Orlando, Florida, August.
____. 1996. “Interrogation and Confessions - True and False.” New
York State Defenders Association, Annual Conference, Lake Placid,
N.Y., August.
____. 1996. “Police Interrogation and False Confessions,” International
Conference on Allegations of Child Abuse, Las Vegas, Nevada, September.
____. 1996. “Social Change and The False Memory Epidemic.” False
Memory Syndrome Foundation Conference, Chicago, Illinois, September.
____. 1996. “Analyzing Coerced and False Confessions.” Chicago, Seminar
for the Office of the Public Defender, Chicago, Illinois, September.
____. 1996. “The Scope of the Recovered Memory Public Health Problem,”
Council on Licensure, Enforcement and Regulation, 16th Annual Conference,
Anchorage, Alaska, October.
____. 1997. “The Decision to Confess.” Denver University College
of Law Symposium on Coercion, Denver, Colorado, March.
____. 1997. “Analyzing Interrogations and Explaining False Confessions.”
Conference of the New Hampshire State Public Defender Organization,
Manchester, May.
____. 1997. “The Dangers of False Confessions.” The Texas State Police
Officer Association, Amarillo, Texas, June.
____. 1997. “Workshop on Detecting and Avoiding Taking and Relying
on False Confessions.” The Texas State Police Officer Association,
Amarillo, Texas, June.
____. 1997. “Police Interrogation and False Confessions.” International
Conference on Allegations of Child Abuse, Las Vegas, Nevada, September.
____. 1997. “Why it is Economically and Morally Dangerous to Practice
Recovered Memory Therapy.” University Center, University of Northern
Colorado, Greeley, Colorado, October.
____. 1997. “Why it is Economically and Morally Dangerous to Practice
Recovered Memory Therapy.” Mountain Crest Hospital, Fort Collins,
Colorado, October.
____. 1997. “False Confessions: Exploring the Last Frontier.” Ohio
Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers, Annual Seminar, Columbus,
October.
____. 1997. “Police Interrogation and False Confession.” Missouri
State Public Defender System, December.
____. 1998. “Interrogation and Confession.” University of Alabama
Law School, February.
____. 1998. “False Confessions.” Alaska Academy of Trial Lawyers,
Anchorage, May.
____. 1998. “Police Interrogation Techniques.” “Consequences of False
Confession” and “Preparing the Confession Case,” Hamilton county Public
Defender's Office, Cincinnati, May.
____. 1998. “Winning False Confession Cases,” Arizona Attorneys for
Criminal Justice, Tucson, September.
____. 1998. “Analyzing False Confessions.” International Conference
on Allegations of Child Abuse, Las Vegas, October.
____. 1998. “Teaching Juries How to Analyze Interrogations and False
Confessions. “National Conference on Wrongful Convictions and the
Death Penalty, Northwestern University Law School, Chicago, November.
____. 1999. “False Confessions: The Research.” Washington Association
of Criminal Defense Lawyers, Seattle, April.
____. 1999. “Analyzing Coerced and False Confessions.” Chicago, Seminar
for the Office of the Public Defender ans Milwaukee criminal defense
bar, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, August.
____. 1999. “Analyzing Interrogations.” Federal Public Defender Training
Group,” Portland, Oregon, August.
____. 1999. “Analyzing Interrogations and Defending the Innocent
in False Confession Cases.” California Attorneys for Criminal Justice,
Trial Practice Seminar, Asilomar Conference Center, August.
____. 1999. “Analyzing Interrogations and Defending the Innocent
in False Confession Cases.” Life Over Death - Florida Public Defenders
Organization, Haines City, Florida, October.
____. 1999. “Analyzing Interrogations and Litigating False Confession
Cases.” International Conference on Allegations of Child Abuse, Las
Vegas, October.
____. 1999. “The Interrogation of Juveniles and False Confessions.”
Juvenile Defender Leadership Summit, Washington, D.C. October.
____. 2000. Seminar on “Expert Witnesses: Recovered Memory/False
Memory: Valid or Voodoo.” Telephone Seminar sponsored by the State
Bar Association of Texas, February.
____. 2000. “Interrogation Techniques Used by Police on Youths.”
Statewide Conference Sponsored by the Juvenile Division of the Los
Angeles County Public Defenders Office, Los Angeles, April.
____. 2000. “Police Interrogations, False Confessions and the Impact
on Children and the Courts.” Indigent Defense 2000, Redefining Leadership
for Equal Justice, United States Department of Justice, Office of
Justice Programs, Washington, D.C., June.
____. 2000. “Analyzing Interrogations and Litigating False Confession
Cases.” International Conference on Allegations of Child Abuse, Kansas
City, Missouri, September.
____. 2000. “Police Interrogation and Confession.” U.S. Army Trial
Defense Service, Tri-Regional Workshop. Las Vegas, Nevada, October.
____, 2000. “Investigating Confession Cases.” Office of the Public
Defender, San Francisco, California, October.
____, 2001. “Why Recording Saves Lives.” California Attorneys For
Criminal Justice, Capital Defense Seminar. Monterey, California. February.
____, 2001. “Coercion and False Confessions.” National Association
of Criminal Defense Lawyers. Las Vegas, Nevada, February.
____, 2001. “Why People Confess to Things They Didn’t Do.” Nebraska
Criminal Defense Attorneys Association. Lincoln, Nebraska, March.
____, 2001. “Interrogation and False Confession.” National Legal
Aid Defenders Association. Albuquerque, New Mexico, March.
____, 2001. “Coerced Confessions: The Decision to Confess Falsely.”
New York State Defenders Association. New York, New York, March.
____, 2001. “Coerced Confessions.” Texas Criminal Defense Lawyers
Association. Dallas, Texas, April.
____, 2001. “Coerced Confessions.” Virginia Bar Association, Richmond,
Virginia, November.
____, 2002. “Coerced Confessions.”Montana Association of Criminal
Defense Lawyers, Chico Hot Springs, Montana, February.
____, 2002. “Coerced Confessions and Chicago Police.” Conference
on the Heirens Case, Center on Wrongful Convictions, Northwestern
University Law School, Chicago, March.
____, 2002. “Interrogation Reform.” Wrongful Convictions: A Call
to Action,: Harvard Law School, Boston, Mass. April.
____, 2003. “Coerced Confessions.” Inns of Court, Federal Practice
Southern District of New York, New York City, January.
____, 2003. “Interrogation and Coerced Confession.” Washington Defender
Association, Sun Mountain Lodge, Washington, April.
____, 2003. “Interrogation and Coerced Confession.” Capital Post-Conviction
Project of Louisiana, New Orleans, Louisiana, April.
____, 2003. “Interrogation, Coerced and False Confession.” Capital
Case Defense Seminar, Washington Defender Association, Gonzaga University,
Spokane, Washington, August
____, 2004. Symposium - “The Anatomy of a Murder Confession.” American
Academy of Forensic Sciences, Dallas, Texas, February.
____, 2004. “Dealing with the Nightmare Confession Case.” Life in
the Balance,” National Legal Aid Defender Association, Memphis, Tennessee,
March.
____, 2004. Plenary Session “Interrogation and Confession.” Life
in the Balance,” National Legal Aid Defender Association, Memphis,
Tennessee, March.
____, 2004. Featured speaker, New York City Bar Association Annual
Meeting – “Interrogation and False Confession,” New York City, April.
Training for Attorneys and Investigators
____, 2004. Training - “False Confessions: How to Challenge Coercive
Interrogations.” Washington Defender Association and the Washington
State Criminal justice Training Commission. Seattle, Washington, March
____, 2004. “Confessions - What Defense Investigators Can Effectively
Do to Assist Attorneys.” Defense Investigator Training, Kent Washington,
May